XIST (X-Inactive Specific Transcript)
Yoonsik Park
What is it?
X inactivation occurs in the early developmental stage of female mammals where one of the two X chromosomes are silenced during transcription. The Xist gene is the RNA responsible for this, according to http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7503. This process can be seen in the picture below.
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| http://mmg-233-2014-genetics-genomics.wikia.com/wiki/File:Expression-of-Xist.jpg |
What is significant about this is the possibility to use it to shut down extra chromosomes that cause chromosomal disorders such as Trisomy-21 and Trisomy-18.
For example, Trisomy-21, or better known as Down Syndrome, is caused from an extra chromosome 21, causing other abnormal gene expressions. People with Down Syndrome will have abnormal physical characteristics such as short neck and short height and there is a high chance that they will have problems with learning.
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For example, Trisomy-21, or better known as Down Syndrome, is caused from an extra chromosome 21, causing other abnormal gene expressions. People with Down Syndrome will have abnormal physical characteristics such as short neck and short height and there is a high chance that they will have problems with learning.
http://www.nature.com/news/researchers-turn-off-down-s-syndrome-genes-1.13406
http://phenomena.nationalgeographic.com/2013/07/17/how-to-shut-down-the-extra-chromosome-in-downs-syndrome/
Have there been experiments that have tested this theory?
ReplyDeleteWhat is the purpose of inactivating one of the X chromosomes?
Was there any success in shutting down one of these genes?
ReplyDeleteHow would they get the gene out of the x chromosome and into the other ones?
Are there any dangers of using this therapy?
Very good!
ReplyDeleteQ1: What would be the effect of the the Xist 'blanket' on mitosis and meiosis?
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