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| Figure 1 - The artery on the right is a normal healthy artery. The artery on the left is suffering from CHD since it's walls are narrowing because of the fatty deposits. |
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| Figure 2 - This diagram shows the dangers of atherosclerosis. The artery in the middle right, has been developing atherosclerosis and has been filling up with plaque reducing blood flow. The bottom artery is blocked which could lead to heart attacks and strokes due to no oxygen through the blood. |
Different types of fat can have many different outcomes on
human health. However, the main concern and the most harmful issue is the
coronary heart disease (CHD). When CHD
occurs the coronary arteries in our circulatory system, are blocked by fats,
which lead to harmful outcomes such as blood clotting and heart attacks. Our
hearts and all other muscles in our bodies need oxygen to function. Due to
diseases such as CHD, the oxygen rich blood is unable to reach our hearts (and
other muscles) because the arteries have developed a blockage. These fatty
deposits are also known as plaque which cause the blockage. Plaque is made out
of cholesterol and other fatty substances.
Due to the buildup of plaque, over the course of several years, one is able to develop a condition called Atherosclerosis, which in fact is the hardening of the arteries, where the plaque builds up inside the arteries’ walls. The plaque is able to harden and even break off over time. The hardened plaque narrows the arteries which results in the decrease of oxygen rich blood flow to the heart. If the plaque breaks off or ruptures it is able to create a blood clot which could for the most part block blood or completely block blood flow through the coronary arteries. This leads to heart attacks and strokes. If heart attacks and strokes are not treated quick, the consequences can be fatal for the patient.
The fatty deposits which are made of fats play a big role in the development of CHD. One of the fats that have impact is saturated fats. Saturated fats are a fatty acid with single bonds between the carbon atoms containing extra hydrogen. Saturated fats are able to raise the levels of cholesterol in your blood. High levels of cholesterol are the key factor of plaque formations which cause CHD. Another fat is the unsaturated fatty acid which consists of one or more carbon bonds. However, unsaturated fats can assist to decrease high cholesterol levels in the bloodstream and simultaneously lowering the risk of heart diseases such as CHD. Another fat that plays a big role in CHD are trans-fatty acids which are a result of the hydrogenation process from oils. According to the American Heart Association, the trans- fats will increase the harmful (LDL- low density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels but lower the good (HDL – High density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels. This Association also states that the consummation of trans- fats will increase ones’ risks of developing heart diseases such as CHD, strokes, and type 2 diabetes.
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| Figure 3 - This diagram shows an artery under high blood pressure. The blood pressure is high enough to damage the walls of the artery and the heart. |
There are many factors which increase ones chances of developing heart diseases such as high blood pressure, smoking, obesity and stress. The blood pressure is one of the factors that leads to CHD since if the blood pressure is constantly high it can damage the heart and aid to develop plaque in the artery walls. Obesity or overweightness raises risks of CHD and other issues people who suffer from obesity have other preexisting factors that contribute to the development of heart problems through high levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, diabetes and blood pressure. Smokers also have a higher chance of developing CHD because tobacco triggers a buildup of plaque on the artery walls. Smoking can also cause blood clots which could potentially lead to heart attacks. Stress, anxieties and other similar issues may trigger one’s arteries to tighten. Therefore the blood pressure would increase potentially establishing CHD.
Works Cited:
"What Is Coronary Heart Disease?" - NHLBI, NIH. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2016.
"Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors." - NHLBI, NIH. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2016
"Good vs. Bad Cholesterol." Good vs. Bad Cholesterol. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Jan. 2016.
"Trans Fats." Trans Fats. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Jan. 2016.
Allott, Andrew. IB Biology Course Compagnion. N.p.: Oxford, n.d. Print.
Great job! You included all the information that was required and explained everything very well which shows you know what you are talking about. I enjoyed the pictures you put in and the vocabulary you used!
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